Eating disorder education shows unintended effects
New York : Teaching teenagers about eating disorders can make them more knowledgeable about the problem,but it may also have some inadvertent effects,a new study suggests.
Yale university researchers found that when they presented female high school students with videos on eating disorders,it met the intended goal of boosting their knowledge about anorexia and bulimia.
However,the team saw that the students did not necessarily find the results of eating disorders unappealing.Teens who watched a video featuring a women recovering from eating disorders became more likely to view girls with eating disorders as "very pretty",and some thought it would be "nice to look like",the women in video.
The findings suggest that more research should go into the unintended effects of eating disorder education before such program are widely used,the researchers conclude in their article in the International Of Eating Disorders.
Overall,the study found,both videos increased the girls 'knowledge about anorexia and bulimia,but there were some unforeseen results as well,the girls were more likely to say afterward that "it is not that hard" to recover from an eating disorders.
"Depending on your point of view,that may or may not be a good thing."
"The best way for schools to help prevent eating disorders is to create a nurturing environment that automatically promotes healthy behaviors".Amy Norton,Reuters.The Daily Star.Kuwait,march-14-2007.
Tuesday, 3 April 2007
Saturday, 24 March 2007
WARNING ON TAMIFLU ....!!!!!!!
What"s behind warning on bird flu drug Tamiflu?
The Japanese government has ordered the importer of the bird flu drug Tamiflu to warn doctors against giving it to teenagers,the Health Ministry said on Wednesday.
Here are some key facts on Tamiflu and why war about its use have been called for ;
Side Effects ?
* According to Japan"s health Ministry,54 people have died after taking swiss drug makers Roche's anti viral flu drug Tamiflu.Two young people who took it fell to their deaths in february 2007 in suspected suicides and two others were injured in similar incidents.
* The drug's possible side affects first came to light in japan 2005,after 12 children died and 32 experienced abnormal behavior after taking it.
*Japan''s warning will recommend the drug is not prescribed to minors over the age of 10,unless a case is judged high risk.
US,Canada,and Japan ask for warnings:
* In early November 2006,US regulators announced Tamiflu would come with a new caution urging close monitoring of the patients for abnormal behavior,based on more then 100 international reports of side-efffects such as hallucinations,panic attacks,convulsions and self-harm.
* Later the same month,Health Canada also asked Roche to include a warning on Tamiflu's possible health risks.
What's special about Tamiflu use in Japan?
* Most reported cases of potentially Tamiflu-related psychiatric problem 950f the 103 cases the US Food and Drug Administration ( FDA ) cited last year were recorded in japan.They included suicides and involved children.
Japan is the world's heaviest user of Tamiflu.according to Roche.During the 2004/2005 influenza season,Roche estimates around six million of 16 million people infected with flu took the drug.
Roche denies the drug causes psychiatric symptoms:
* Roche said on March 20,2007,that new data showed there is no established causal link between neuropsychiatric symptoms and Tamiflu,which it estimates has been used by more than 42 million people since 1999.
History of its development :
* Roche Holding AG acquired world wid right to develop and market the antiviral medicine in 1996;and holds the patent for Tamiflu until 2016.
* Tamiflu was launched in the US,canada and Switzerland in 1999/2000,in japan 2001,and all key European markets by 2002/2003.
Global stockpiles :
* Stockpiled in 75 countries on WHO recommendation,it is seen as the key treatment against a possible pandemic triggered by bird flu.
* Current supplies of Tamiflu and flu vaccine production capacity would,however,be in adequate to meet world demand in pandemic; and doses are mainly based in
rich countries.
Projected 2007 sales :
* World wide,Roche expects that sales of Tamiflu to governments building stockpilles in case of pandemic will be lower this year than last;at between 0.6 billion swiss and 1.2 billion francs.Reuters,The Daily Star,kuwait,22-march-2007.
The Japanese government has ordered the importer of the bird flu drug Tamiflu to warn doctors against giving it to teenagers,the Health Ministry said on Wednesday.
Here are some key facts on Tamiflu and why war about its use have been called for ;
Side Effects ?
* According to Japan"s health Ministry,54 people have died after taking swiss drug makers Roche's anti viral flu drug Tamiflu.Two young people who took it fell to their deaths in february 2007 in suspected suicides and two others were injured in similar incidents.
* The drug's possible side affects first came to light in japan 2005,after 12 children died and 32 experienced abnormal behavior after taking it.
*Japan''s warning will recommend the drug is not prescribed to minors over the age of 10,unless a case is judged high risk.
US,Canada,and Japan ask for warnings:
* In early November 2006,US regulators announced Tamiflu would come with a new caution urging close monitoring of the patients for abnormal behavior,based on more then 100 international reports of side-efffects such as hallucinations,panic attacks,convulsions and self-harm.
* Later the same month,Health Canada also asked Roche to include a warning on Tamiflu's possible health risks.
What's special about Tamiflu use in Japan?
* Most reported cases of potentially Tamiflu-related psychiatric problem 950f the 103 cases the US Food and Drug Administration ( FDA ) cited last year were recorded in japan.They included suicides and involved children.
Japan is the world's heaviest user of Tamiflu.according to Roche.During the 2004/2005 influenza season,Roche estimates around six million of 16 million people infected with flu took the drug.
Roche denies the drug causes psychiatric symptoms:
* Roche said on March 20,2007,that new data showed there is no established causal link between neuropsychiatric symptoms and Tamiflu,which it estimates has been used by more than 42 million people since 1999.
History of its development :
* Roche Holding AG acquired world wid right to develop and market the antiviral medicine in 1996;and holds the patent for Tamiflu until 2016.
* Tamiflu was launched in the US,canada and Switzerland in 1999/2000,in japan 2001,and all key European markets by 2002/2003.
Global stockpiles :
* Stockpiled in 75 countries on WHO recommendation,it is seen as the key treatment against a possible pandemic triggered by bird flu.
* Current supplies of Tamiflu and flu vaccine production capacity would,however,be in adequate to meet world demand in pandemic; and doses are mainly based in
rich countries.
Projected 2007 sales :
* World wide,Roche expects that sales of Tamiflu to governments building stockpilles in case of pandemic will be lower this year than last;at between 0.6 billion swiss and 1.2 billion francs.Reuters,The Daily Star,kuwait,22-march-2007.
Wednesday, 21 March 2007
CANCER RISK STUDY
New York: Result of study involving 65,000 people point to an association between cancer and abnormally high blood sugar levels.
These results"have obvious implications for lifestyle guidance,as it is well known what factors cause blood glucose increases,"Dr.Par Stattin from Umea University medical center,Sweden noted in comments to Reuthers Health.
By avoiding excessive fa an other dietary risk factors,and by getting regular exercise,'you can decrease your risk of cardiovascular disease,diabetes,and cancer,'he added.
Type 2 diabetes is associated with an increased risk of liver,pancreas,colon cancer,as well as other cancer.However,less known about the affect on cancer risk associated with moderately elevated blood sugar levels among non diabetes subjects.
In women,the total cancer risk increased with rising blood sugar levels.The relative risk of cancer as 26 percent higher for women with diabetes compared with women with lowest fasting blood sugar.
Overall,there was no significant association between total cancer risk and blood sugar measurement in men.
However,for men andwomen,high fasting blood sugar signifficantly associated with an increased risk of cancer of the pancreas,endometrium,urinary tract and malignant melanoma.
These association were independent of body weight.
These findings, the authors say,provide"further evidence" for an association between abnormal glucose metabolism and cancer,Reuther,The Daily Star of Kuwait,17-march-2007.
Wednesday, 14 March 2007
Soft drinks and diabetic
Soft drinks associated with diabetes,report finds,,,,,
A review of published studies shows a clear and consistent relationship(non-diet) soft drinks and poor nutrition,increased risk for obesity-and increased for diabetes.
There is no denying that sugar-loaded soft drinks are having"a negative impact on health,"Dr.Kelly Brownell,director of the Rudd Center for Food Policy and Obesity at Yale University in new Haven,Connecticut,said in a telephone interview with Reuters Health.
Having analyzed and reviewed 88 studies on his colleagues conclude that recommendation to curb soft drink consumption on population level are strongly supported by the available scientific evidence.
Results of study of more 91,000 women followed for eight years one of the "most striking" links between soft drinks and health out comes,the investigators note in the American Journal of Public Health.
in The study,women who drank one or more sodas per day-an amount less than the US national average-were twice as likely as those who drank less than one soda per month to develop diabetes over the course of the study.When diet soda replaced regular soda in the analysis,there was no increased risk,"suggesting that the risk was specific to sugar sweetened soft drinks," note the authors.
Further more,there was a "remarkable difference" in results from industry-funded and non industry funded studies on soft drink consumption and health out comes,(Megan Rauscher,Reuters.The daily star Kuwait.14-march-2007).
A review of published studies shows a clear and consistent relationship(non-diet) soft drinks and poor nutrition,increased risk for obesity-and increased for diabetes.
There is no denying that sugar-loaded soft drinks are having"a negative impact on health,"Dr.Kelly Brownell,director of the Rudd Center for Food Policy and Obesity at Yale University in new Haven,Connecticut,said in a telephone interview with Reuters Health.
Having analyzed and reviewed 88 studies on his colleagues conclude that recommendation to curb soft drink consumption on population level are strongly supported by the available scientific evidence.
Results of study of more 91,000 women followed for eight years one of the "most striking" links between soft drinks and health out comes,the investigators note in the American Journal of Public Health.
in The study,women who drank one or more sodas per day-an amount less than the US national average-were twice as likely as those who drank less than one soda per month to develop diabetes over the course of the study.When diet soda replaced regular soda in the analysis,there was no increased risk,"suggesting that the risk was specific to sugar sweetened soft drinks," note the authors.
Further more,there was a "remarkable difference" in results from industry-funded and non industry funded studies on soft drink consumption and health out comes,(Megan Rauscher,Reuters.The daily star Kuwait.14-march-2007).
Wednesday, 7 March 2007
SHOCK
Definition.
Shock is syndrome of cardiovascular system failure resulting in adequate tissue perfusion.Hypotension is common but not universal feature.
The primary function of cardiovascular system is to maintain the perfusion of organs and tissues with oxygenated blood.Complex homeostatic mechanisms of exist to ensure that an adequate cardiac out put and blood pressure are maintained to meet the needs of individual.When these mechanisms fail,"shock" ensues,which uncorrected can result in organ failure,prolonged ICU stay and death.
Clinical features.
The clinical features vary depending on the cause and the physiological response.Two patterns are typically recognized,although there is a continuum from one to the other:
*. warm pink vasodilated,hyperdynamic patient with high cardiac output and hypotension.
*. Cold,grey,sweaty,vasoconstricted,peripherally shutdown patient with low cardiac output.Blood pressure may be maintained in the early stage.
Other features of shock may include increased or decreased core temperature,hypovetilation or hyperventilation,renal and hepatic dysfunction,disseminated intravascular coagulation,and altered mental status,and multiorgan dysfunction syndrome.
Aetiology.
1.Hypovolemia
2.Cardiogenic
3.Mechanical/obstructive
4.Altered systemvascular resistence
Management.
Apart from the mechanical causes of shock,in which relief of the mechaniical obstruction may take priority,the principles of managing shock states are similar in all regardless of aetiology,they include :
a. Optimizing of oxygen delivery
b. Optimizing of cardiac output
c. Optimizing of blood pressure
d. Treathment of underlying pathology
e. Support of any organ failure.
intensivenurse
Intensive care unit.
An area for patients admitted for the treathment of actual or impendingnorgan failure,especially those requiring assisted ventilation.there is little doubth,however,that intensive care medicine has an established role in modern health care.
The role of intensive care thereofe includes:
1.Resuscitation and stabilization
2.Physiological optimization of patients to prevent organ failure
3.Facilitation of complex surgery
4.Support of failing organ system
5.Recognition of futility.
Level of care for critically ill patients.
Critically ill patients can be classified according to the level of medical and nursing care required:
A.Level 0:Patients whose needs can be met by ward -based care in acute hospital
B.Level 1:Patients at risk of their condition deteriorating whose needs can be met on normal ward with additional advice or support from the critical care team
C.Level 2 :Patients requiring more advanced levels ofobservation or intrvention than can be provided on normal ward,including support for single failing organ system
D.Level 3 :Patients requiring advanced respiratory support alone or basic respirqatory support together with support for at least two organ system.
The acute physiological and chronic health evaluation,APHACHE II is the most widely used severity of illness scoring system in intensive care.A score is assigned to each patient on the basis of :
* Worst physiological derangement,occuring in the first 24 hours of admission.
* Age
* Chronic health status.
The care of patients in intensive care is increasingly complex,and the specialization of medical staff precludes all care being provided by a single individual or team.
Many nursing,paramedical and technical staff are involved in the care of patients on intensive care.It is important to remember that all those people have skill and experience.
An area for patients admitted for the treathment of actual or impendingnorgan failure,especially those requiring assisted ventilation.there is little doubth,however,that intensive care medicine has an established role in modern health care.
The role of intensive care thereofe includes:
1.Resuscitation and stabilization
2.Physiological optimization of patients to prevent organ failure
3.Facilitation of complex surgery
4.Support of failing organ system
5.Recognition of futility.
Level of care for critically ill patients.
Critically ill patients can be classified according to the level of medical and nursing care required:
A.Level 0:Patients whose needs can be met by ward -based care in acute hospital
B.Level 1:Patients at risk of their condition deteriorating whose needs can be met on normal ward with additional advice or support from the critical care team
C.Level 2 :Patients requiring more advanced levels ofobservation or intrvention than can be provided on normal ward,including support for single failing organ system
D.Level 3 :Patients requiring advanced respiratory support alone or basic respirqatory support together with support for at least two organ system.
The acute physiological and chronic health evaluation,APHACHE II is the most widely used severity of illness scoring system in intensive care.A score is assigned to each patient on the basis of :
* Worst physiological derangement,occuring in the first 24 hours of admission.
* Age
* Chronic health status.
The care of patients in intensive care is increasingly complex,and the specialization of medical staff precludes all care being provided by a single individual or team.
Many nursing,paramedical and technical staff are involved in the care of patients on intensive care.It is important to remember that all those people have skill and experience.
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